The Elephant
A resource for journalists, politicians, policy makers, activists and citizens interested in climate change and the environmental emergency
The ElephantA resource for journalists, politicians, policy makers, activists and citizens interested in climate change and the environmental emergency
Amazon rainforest at a critical threshold: Loss of forest worsens climate change
2024-02-14 in Phys.org - News and Articles on Science and TechnologyThe Amazon rainforest could approach a tipping point, which could lead to a large-scale collapse with serious implications for the global climate system. A new Nature study by an international research team including scientists from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact research (PIK) reveals that up to 47% of the Amazonian forest is threatened and identifies climatic and land-use thresholds that should not be breached to keep the Amazon resilient.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Collapse | Trees | Tipping Points
‘My dream is to buy a piece of land’: the ‘outsiders’ farming at the Amazon’s last frontiers
2024-03-12 in The GuardianStruggling to compete with large-scale landowners, smallholder farmers move ever deeper into Brazil’s disappearing forest
Tagged under: Agriculture | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Rampant Wildfires Are Threatening a Collapse of the Amazon Rainforest
2024-03-09 in WIRED MagazineRainforests in South America are burning this year faster than ever before, setting the course for a collapse of the Amazon in the coming decades.
Tagged under: Collapse | Amazon Rainforest | Wildfires
A precautionary approach required to avoid large-scale collapse of the Amazon forest
2024-02-15 in Official blog of the Met Office news teamThe Amazon is a complex dynamical system with extraordinarily diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems which are home to more than 10% of Earth’s biodiversity, as well as 40 million people. It is one of the most critical elements of the Earth’s climate system, with the forest acting as a giant “air-conditioner”, lowering land-surface temperatures and…
Tagged under: Climate Change Mitigation | Collapse | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Network dynamics of drought-induced tipping cascades in the Amazon rainforest | Research Square
2024-02-14 (or before) in Research SquareTipping elements are nonlinear subsystems of the Earth system that can potentially abruptly and irreversibly shift if environmental change occurs. Among these tipping elements is the Amazon rainforest, which is threatened by anthropogenic activities and increasingly frequent droughts. Here, we as...
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Tipping Points
Critical transitions in the Amazon forest system - Nature
2024-02-14 in NatureAnalyses of drivers of water stress are used to predict likely trajectories of the Amazon forest system and suggests potential actions that could prevent system collapse.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Collapse | Trees
Amazon rainforest at a critical threshold: Loss of forest worsens climate change
2024-02-14 in Phys.org - News and Articles on Science and TechnologyThe Amazon rainforest could approach a tipping point, which could lead to a large-scale collapse with serious implications for the global climate system. A new Nature study by an international research team including scientists from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact research (PIK) reveals that up to 47% of the Amazonian forest is threatened and identifies climatic and land-use thresholds that should not be breached to keep the Amazon resilient.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Collapse | Trees | Tipping Points
Amazon rainforest could reach ‘tipping point’ by 2050, scientists warn
2024-02-14 in The Guardian‘We need to respond now,’ says author of study that says crucial forest has already passed safe boundary and needs restoration
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees | Tipping Points
The Amazon has survived changes in the climate for 65 million years. Now it’s heading for collapse, a study says | CNN
2024-02-14 by in CNNThe Amazon rainforest is on course to reach a crucial tipping point as soon as 2050, with devastating consequences the world’s ability to tackle climate change, a study shows.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Collapse | Tipping Points
Preliminary analysis says global warming more to blame than El Niño for Amazon’s ongoing record drought
2024-02-08 (or before) in Climate.gov2023 “exceptional” drought would have been two categories weaker and ~30 times less likely in a world without global warming.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Global Warming | El Niño
‘Planetary commons’ needed to safeguard humanity's future on Earth | Context
2024-02-01 (or before) in Context NewsThe Amazon rainforest protects all of us; how do we create new governance systems to protect it and other major Earth systems?
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Devastating drought in Amazon result of climate crisis, study shows
2024-01-24 in The GuardianExtreme weather threatens world’s biggest carbon store as the rainforest is already close to tipping point
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Trees | Tipping Points
Amazon drought: 'We've never seen anything like this'
2023-12-27 (or before) in BBCThis year's heat and drought in the Amazon intensify worries that it is approaching a tipping point.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Tipping Points
Detailed NASA analysis finds Earth and Amazon in deep climate trouble
2023-12-21 in MongabayStudy finds Earth could reach 2° Celsius (3.6° Fahrenheit) above preindustrial levels by 2040 and shows regional climate variables in fine detail. These findings, along with others, are very worrying for the Brazilian Amazon.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
‘Everything is dead’: How record drought is wreaking havoc on the Amazon
2023-12-20 by in Al JazeeraCommunities that rely on the rainforest’s waterways now find themselves struggling with fire and plunging water levels.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Brazil
Science panel presents COP28 with blueprint for saving the Amazon
2023-12-13 in MongabayFive policy briefs released at the COP28 climate summit in Dubai call for urgently protecting the Amazon Rainforest from degenerating into a dry savanna, providing insights about what drives destruction and degradation in the region and solutions for securing the basin’s sustainable future. The reports were published Dec. 9 by the Science Panel for the […]
Tagged under: COP28 | Amazon Rainforest
Impact of Amazon’s climate-driven drought may last until 2026
2023-12-02 by in kdal610.comBy Brad Haynes and Jake Spring MANAUS, Brazil (Reuters) - The Amazon rainforest's record-breaking drought hit home for Raimundo Leite de Souza one Oct...
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Brazil
Giant desert solar farms might have unintended climate consequences | GreenBiz
2023-12-02 (or before) in GreenbizTurning deserts into solar energy farms could raise temperatures across the globe and cause devastating droughts in the Amazon.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Solar Energy
‘Everything is parched’: Amazon struggles with drought amid deforestation
2023-11-06 in The GuardianBy now, the rivers should be full. But large-scale cattle farming, the climate crisis and weather events like El Niño mean Brazil is near the point of no return
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Cattle and Dairy Farming | El Niño | Brazil | Trees | Rivers
Amazon tragedy as endangered river dolphins die in hot water
2023-11-06 in Whale and Dolphin ConservationThe climate crisis is accelerating at such an alarming rate that some whale and dolphin populations haven’t got time to adapt. More frequent and severe droughts and heatwaves are threatening the survival of species and ecosystems that are crucial to our own existence. When 155 endangered river dolphins died suddenly in Lake Tefé in Brazil, this heartbreaking event gave us a stark warning of the severity of the situation.
Tagged under: Drought | Rivers | Amazon Rainforest | Whales and Dolphins | Brazil | Heatwaves
‘For us, the Amazon isn’t a cause, it’s our home’: the riverside communities stranded by the climate crisis
2023-10-31 in The GuardianThe historic drought in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest has reduced the Rio Negro to a trickle and put at risk the livelihoods of remote Indigenous and riverside communities
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Brazil | Rivers
Unrelenting Drought Clobbers the Amazon
2023-10-20 in CountercurrentsShare:Share on WhatsAppShare on FacebookShare on X (Twitter)Share on TelegramShare on RedditShare on EmailGlobal warming is consuming vast portions of the planet with a swagger that defies all expectations. Rivers in the Amazon rainforest are drying up. This is not supposed to be happening to such an extent, even during the dry season. After all, […]
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Rivers
Amazon River hits record low level in Brazil amid drought, heat
2023-10-18 in AxiosThe drought is also driving fires that are smothering Brazilian cities with smoke.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Rivers | Brazil
Drought turns Amazonian capital into climate dystopia
2023-10-18 in The GuardianForest fires leave Manaus with second worst air quality in the world, while low river levels cut off communities
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Forest Fires | Rivers | El Niño | South America | Brazil | Wildfires | Trees
Indigenous Amazonians urge Brazil to declare emergency over severe drought
2023-10-10 in The GuardianDrought and heatwave has killed fish in rivers as Indigenous umbrella group Apiam says villagers have no water, food or medicine
Tagged under: Fish | Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Brazil | Trees | Rivers
Top grain traders ‘helped scupper’ ban on soya from deforested land
2023-10-06 in The GuardianCargill and ADM led push to weaken new protections for threatened ecosystems in South America, report says
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | South America | Brazil | Trees
Drying of Amazon could be early warning of ‘tipping point’ for the rainforest - Carbon Brief
2023-10-04 by in Carbon BriefRecent drying over the Amazon could be the “first warning signal” that the rainforest is...
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Tipping Points
Deaths of 120 Amazon dolphins linked to severe drought, high temperatures | Climate Crisis News | Al Jazeera
2023-10-04 (or before) in Al JazeeraAmazon River’s pink, grey dolphins are a threatened species and among the few freshwater dolphins found in the world.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Rivers | Whales and Dolphins | Wildlife | Brazil
More than 100 dolphins dead in Amazon as water hits 102 degrees Fahrenheit | CNN
2023-10-01 by in CNNMore than a hundred dolphins have been found dead in the Brazilian Amazon amid an historic drought and record-high water temperatures that in places have exceeded 102 degrees Fahrenheit.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Drought | Rivers | Whales and Dolphins | South America | Brazil | Health
Amazon’s route to deforestation
2023-09-27 in The EcologistThe reconstruction of a Brazilian highway 'could result in increased illegal logging, violence, violations of indigenous rights, and catastrophic consequences to local communities and the environment.'
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Intentional creation of carbon-rich dark earth soils in the Amazon | Science Advances
2023-09-22 (or before) in Science | AAASIndigenous Amazonians have deliberately improved soils for agriculture while sequestering and storing carbon over millennia.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Rainforest Investigations Network
2023-09-19 (or before) in pulitzercenter.orgThe Rainforest Investigations Network (RIN) harnesses investigative reporting and cross-border collaboration to expose the intersection of climate change, corruption, and governance in the Amazon, Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia. READ THE REPORTING | HOW IT WORKS | JOIN THE NETWORK | IMPACT HOW IT WORKS Each year of the initiative, the Pulitzer Center puts out a call for applications to dedicate a whole year to investigating deforestation in the world’s three main tropical rainforest regions. In its first year, RIN selected 13 Fellows from 10 countries. In the second year, the group expanded to 19 Fellows from 12 countries...
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Congo | Rivers | Brazil | Trees
Nestlé supplier used Brazilian beef from seized Indigenous land
2023-09-19 (or before) in The Bureau InvestigatesAbattoir owned by meatpacking giant Marfrig is at the centre of murky supply chain that also includes McDonald’s and Burger King
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Land Use | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Brazil
Amazon. Colombian Meat With 'Zero Deforestation': 'More Marketing Than Reality' (French)
2023-09-19 (or before) in pulitzercenter.orgThis story excerpt was translated from French. To read the original story in full, visit Courrier International. You may also view the original story on the Rainforest Journalism Fund website. Our...
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest
Amazon Deforestation is Down. Here’s Why. - Legal Planet
2023-09-11 by in Legal Planet - Environmental Law and PolicyElections, new government policies at the national and sub-national level, increased law enforcement, and technological advancements have contributed to climate gains in Brazil, Ecuador and beyond.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Freshwater boundary exceeds safe limits
2023-09-08 (or before) in Stockholm ResilienceNew assessment reveals dramatic changes to the global water cycle, with parts of the Amazon drying out
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
After Decades Of Oil Drilling, Indigenous Waorani Group Fights New Industry Expansions In Ecuador - Inside Climate News
2023-08-30 by in Inside Climate NewsAfter 50 years of expanding oil operations in its Amazonian region, Ecuador will close the door on crude extraction in three oil fields that are home to Indigenous communities, including one of the country’s uncontacted groups. The reversal in policy for the oil-exporting nation was sealed when 59 percent of voters chose in an Aug. […]
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
The 7 climate tipping points that could change the world forever
2023-08-30 (or before) in Grist.org: Climate. Justice. Solutions.As the world warms, these Earth systems are changing. Could further warming make them spiral out of control?
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Trees | Tipping Points
"We are killing this ecosystem": the scientists tracking the Amazon's fading health
2023-08-25 (or before) in NatureClimate change, deforestation and other human threats are driving the rainforest towards a tipping point of sustainability. Researchers are racing to chart the Amazon’s future.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Health | Tipping Points | Sustainability
Ecuadorians vote to halt oil drilling in biodiverse Amazonian national park
2023-08-21 in The GuardianReferendum result protecting Yasuní reserve will benefit huge range of species as well as ‘uncontacted’ Indigenous peoples
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Wildlife | Fossil Fuels
'Historic and Wonderful': Ecuadorians Reject Oil Drilling in Precious Amazon Region
2023-08-21 in Common Dreams"A remarkable example for other countries in democratizing climate politics."
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Human activity has degraded more than a third of the remaining Amazon rainforest, scientists find
2023-07-25 (or before) in Phys.org - News and Articles on Science and TechnologyThe Amazon rainforest has been degraded by a much greater extent than scientists previously believed with more than a third of remaining forest affected by humans, according to a new study published on January 27 in the journal Science.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Ecological tipping points could occur much sooner than expected, study finds
2023-06-22 in The GuardianAmazon rainforest and other ecosystems could collapse ‘very soon’, researchers warn
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Oceans | Rivers | Wildlife | Collapse | Trees | Tipping Points
More than 800m Amazon trees felled in six years to meet beef demand
2023-06-03 (or before) in InklInvestigation involving Guardian shows systematic and vast forest loss linked to cattle farming in Brazil
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Farming | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Brazil | Trees
The multinational companies that industrialised the Amazon rainforest
2023-06-02 in The GuardianAnalysis shows handful of corporations extract tens of billions of dollars of raw materials a year – and their commitments to restoration vary greatly
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Farming | Wildlife | Brazil | Trees
Brazilian Amazon at risk of being taken over by mafia, ex-police chief warns
2023-06-01 in The GuardianAlexandre Saraiva gives alert on organised crime in region ahead of anniversary of killings of Dom Phillips and Bruno Pereira
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Indigenous chief shot in head in Brazil’s ‘palm oil war’ region; crisis group launched
2023-05-16 in MongabayThis story was supported by the Pulitzer Center’s Rainforest Investigations Network where Karla Mendes is a fellow. A prominent Indigenous leader was shot in the head on May 14 in the Brazilian Amazon, intensifying the cry for justice in a dubbed “palm oil war” region where violence against land activists keeps systematically soaring without […]
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Activism | Brazil
UK company mining gold in Amazon on disputed land
2023-04-18 in The GuardianLondon-listed Serabi Gold extracting gold without approval of Brazilian land registry and Indigenous communities
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
UK meat industry and supermarkets including Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury's and Morrisons 'causing illegal deforestation in the Amazon' | World News | Sky News
2023-04-14 (or before) in news-sky-com.cdn.ampproject.orgTagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest
Protecting Brazilian Amazon Indigenous territories reduces atmospheric particulates and avoids associated health impacts and costs - Communications Earth & Environment
2023-04-07 (or before) in NatureMore than 15 million cases of respiratory and cardiovascular infections could be prevented, saving $2 billion USD each year in human health costs by protecting indigenous lands in the Brazilian Amazon, suggest estimates of PM2.5 health impacts between 2010 and 2019.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Health
Scientists prove clear link between deforestation and local drop in rainfall
2023-03-01 in The GuardianStudy adds to fears Amazon is approaching tipping point after which it will not be able to generate its own rainfall
Tagged under: Deforestation | Extreme Rainfall | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Africa | Trees | Indonesia | Tipping Points
Invisible destruction: 38% of remaining Amazon forest already degraded
2023-02-13 in MongabayWhen we speak about destruction of the Amazon, deforestation data are often the reference. Over the last few decades, it is the rates of clear cutting that are best documented, making headlines and guiding environmental protection strategies. “Historically, deforestation was the main driver of land use change in the Amazon. Between 1975 and 1985, almost […]
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Land Use | Trees
Biden-Lula meeting: The time is right for U.S. and Brazil to work together for Amazonia (commentary)
2023-02-10 in MongabayThe Amazon rainforest and its people have gone through tough times recently. For the last four years, under Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, the region has experienced increasing deforestation and the dismantling of agencies intended to protect the environment and support indigenous communities. With the recent election of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, or “Lula,” Brazilians […]
Tagged under: Deforestation | Joe Biden | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Teleconnections among tipping elements in the Earth system - Nature Climate Change
2023-01-26 (or before) in NatureTeleconnections between tipping elements in the Earth system are unclear. Here the authors use a climate network approach to link the Amazon Rainforest Area and the Tibetan Plateau, and show that current snow cover loss on the Tibetan Plateau is an early warning signal for an approaching tipping point.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Tipping Points
From Japan to Brazil: Reforesting the Amazon with the Miyawaki method
2023-01-24 in MongabayWhen Takushi Sato left Japan for Belém, Brazil, in 1971, he never imagined what he would go through. By 2000, as the manager of a timber company that shipped Brazilian wood to Japan, he was tired of being extorted by officials from IBAMA, the environmental protection agency, to get the required export documents, he recalled. […]
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Japan
Human Activities Are Drying Out the Amazon
2023-01-22 (or before) in NASA Earth ObservatoryThe atmosphere above the rainforest has become drier, increasing the demand for water and leaving ecosystems vulnerable to fires and drought.
Tagged under: Drought | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest
The ‘carbon pirates’ preying on Amazon’s Indigenous communities
2023-01-21 (or before) in InklSelling credits should fund forest protection, but unscrupulous firms are making deals where local land stewards lose out, say Indigenous leaders
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Trees
They've killed forest defenders in the Amazon - now they're killing them in Georgia | Red, Green, and Blue
2023-01-21 in Red, Green and BluePolice accountability advocates on Thursday called for an independent investigation after an activist was shot and killed during a multi-jurisdictional law enforcement raid on a forest encampment blocking the construction of a massive police training center just outside Atlanta popularly known as Cop City. By Brett Wilkins Common Dreams The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports: Details surrounding the …
Tagged under: Activism | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
‘Nowhere else to go’: forest communities of Alto Mayo, Peru, at centre of offsetting row
2023-01-18 in The GuardianThe Guardian visits the Peruvian Amazon as part of a continuing investigation into forest-based carbon offsetting
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Witness to paradise being lost: my year in the dying Amazon
2022-12-16 in The GuardianIn the past 12 months I have learned that the mass extermination of the Amazon is a climate catastrophe – and much more
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Wildfires | Trees
Subarctic boreal forest, vital for the planet, is at risk
2022-11-14 in The HinduThe boreal forest is second only to the Amazon in terms of its vital role in ensuring the future of the planet.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Arctic | Greenhouse Gases | Climate Change | Forest Fires | Trees
The next Amazon? Congo Basin faces rising deforestation threat
2022-11-12 (or before) in Context NewsTagged under: Deforestation | Congo | Amazon Rainforest
Global deforestation pledge will be missed without urgent action, say researchers
2022-10-24 in The GuardianDestruction of forests slowed in 2021 but not enough to meet 2030 commitment made by 145 countries
Tagged under: Deforestation | COP26 | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
The Amazon rainforest is being destroyed on an industrial scale - and the Brazilian election could decide its future
2022-10-23 (or before) in Sky NewsThe Amazon rainforest is being destroyed on an industrial scale - and the Brazilian election could decide its future
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Wildlife abandons 'Europe's Amazon' nature reserve - BBC News
2022-10-09 (or before) in The BBCForest fires ignited by Russian shelling have devastated Ukraine's Drevlyansky reserve.
Tagged under: Shell | Amazon Rainforest | Forest Fires | Wildlife | Russia | Trees
The Amazon — and our future — is being burned for profit - Greenpeace International
2022-09-09 (or before) in GreenpeaceThe Amazon rainforest is shrinking. The fires in the Amazon are growing. And the impacts of this destruction are a risk to the entire planet.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Greenpeace
Amazonía Against the Clock: A Regional Assessment on Where and How to Protect 80% by 2025 | Amazon Watch
2022-09-05 in Amazon WatchThe Amazon is in the midst of a tipping point crisis as deforestation and high degradation combined have already reached 26% of the region. However, preserving 80% of the Amazon by 2025 is still possible.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Tipping Points
Large parts of Amazon may never recover, major study says
2022-09-05 in www.theguardian.comSwathes of rainforest have reached tipping point, research by scientists and Indigenous organisations concludes
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees | Tipping Points
Anglo-French oil firm threatens Amazon reserve for isolated Indigenous people
2022-08-23 in The GuardianPerenco sues Peru government for repeal of law that offers recognition to proposed Napo-Tigre reserve
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Trees | France
Amazon rainforest growth limited by lack of phosphorus
2022-08-21 (or before) in Phys.org - News and Articles on Science and TechnologyGrowth of the Amazon rainforest in our increasingly carbon-rich atmosphere could be limited by a lack of phosphorus in the soil, new research shows.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest
‘Amped-up citizen science’ to save the world: Q&A with Conservation AI Hub’s Grant Hamilton
2022-08-19 in MongabayConservation apps have emerged in recent years as an efficient and cost-effective way to get citizens to monitor and document wildlife across the world. But an Australian initiative is going one step further. In a bid to detect and save the country’s dwindling koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) population, Conservation AI Hub has, since the beginning of […]
Tagged under: Bolsonaro | Amazon Rainforest | Wildlife
Amazon Rainforest: Highest deforestation rate in six years - BBC News
2022-07-10 (or before) in The BBCNearly 4,000 square kilometres of land have been cleared this year, Brazil's space agency reports.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Amazon deforestation is off to the fastest start to a year since 2008
2022-07-08 in MongabayDeforestation in the Brazilian Amazon is off to the fastest start for the first half of any year since 2008 according to government data published today. Deforestation alert data from Brazil’s national space research institute INPE shows that 3,988 square kilometers of forest have been cleared within the Brazilian Amazon since January 1, a 17 […]
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
My people have lived in the Amazon for 6,000 years: You need to listen to us
2022-07-01 by in Climate Home NewsAs the planet warms and biodiversity collapses, those encouraging and profiting from the destruction of the Earth must be charged with ecocide
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Cash Cow | Global Witness
2022-06-24 (or before) in Global WitnessHow beef giant JBS’s links to Amazon deforestation and human rights abuses are aided by UK, US and EU financiers, importers and supermarkets
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Trees
‘Record after record’: Brazil’s Amazon deforestation hits April high, nearly double previous peak
2022-05-07 in The GuardianClimate analysts are astounded by such a high reading during the rainy season, and is the third monthly record this year
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Brazil detects record Amazon deforestation in January and February
2022-03-11 in Los Angeles TimesSatellite alerts of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon in February were the highest for that month in seven years of record-keeping.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Climate crisis: Amazon rainforest tipping point is looming, data shows
2022-03-07 in The GuardianAnalysis of satellite observations show forest is losing stability with ‘profound’ global implications
Tagged under: Deforestation | Tipping Points | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Amazon deforestation: Record high destruction of trees in January - BBC News
2022-02-12 (or before) in The BBCAn area of trees more than seven times the size of Manhattan, New York was destroyed.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Climate change: Top companies exaggerating their progress - study - BBC News
2022-02-07 (or before) in The BBCCompanies including Google, Amazon and Ikea are not meeting their own green targets, a report finds.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change
European Retailers Suspend Brazil Beef on Deforestation
2021-12-16 (or before) in BloombergSix European retail groups, including Sainsbury’s in the United Kingdom and Carrefour in Belgium, are restricting Brazilian beef purchases due to new findings linking cattle production to deforestation in the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Cattle and Dairy Farming
The Amazon is turning into savannah – we have 5 years to save it
2021-12-13 (or before) by in New ScientistTagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change
How Your 401(k) Is Helping Destroy the Amazon Rainforest
2021-11-25 (or before) in The InterceptThe growing financialization of Brazilian agribusiness is enabling foreign investment in the industry most responsible for deforestation.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
‘It’s as if we’re in Mad Max’: warnings for Amazon as goldmining dredges occupy river
2021-11-24 in The GuardianHundreds of illegal goldmining dredges converge in search of metal as one activist describes it as a ‘free-for-all’
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Rivers
Brazil: Amazon sees worst deforestation levels in 15 years - BBC News
2021-11-19 (or before) in The BBCThe figures come after Brazil promised to end the practice by 2030 during the COP climate summit.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Readings | System Dynamics Self Study | Sloan School of Management | MIT OpenCourseWare
2021-11-18 in The GuardianThis section contains information about readings for the course. Includes information on the courses textbooks, road maps, and other readings.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Rainforests | Greenhouse Gases | Russia | Trees
Indigenous Women in Peru Seek to Turn the Tables on Big Oil, Asserting ‘Rights of Nature’ to Fight Epic Spills - Inside Climate News
2021-11-05 in Inside Climate NewsIn Peru’s northern Amazon rainforest, across a million acres known as Lot 1AB, a parade of foreign oil companies have for over 50 years drilled, spilled crude and dumped billions of gallons of toxic “production water” on the once pristine land. Throughout that time, the firms have largely evaded responsibility for cleaning up the mess […]
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Women and Children
A message for Cop26 – from deep within the Amazon rainforest | The Independent
2021-10-28 (or before) in The IndependentIn the run up to Glasgow summit, Nemonte Nenquimo – the female leader of the indigenous Waorani people – demands we respect Mother Nature, writes Donnachadh McCarthy
Tagged under: COP26 | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change
Why Our Forests Are Burning
2021-08-16 by in Home | Rainforest AllianceForests around the world are burning, from the Amazon to the Arctic. As the global alarm sounds, many are asking why our forests are burning—and who is to blame?
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Arctic | Trees
Men, Masculinities, and Earth: Contending with the (m)Anthropocene (Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology): Amazon.co.uk: Pulé, Paul M., Hultman, Martin: 9783030544850: Books
2021-08-12 (or before) in Amazon.co.ukBuy Men, Masculinities, and Earth: Contending with the (m)Anthropocene (Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology) 1st ed. 2021 by Pulé, Paul M., Hultman, Martin (ISBN: 9783030544850) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Critical measures of global heating reaching tipping point, study finds
2021-07-28 in The GuardianCarbon emissions, ocean acidification, Amazon clearing all hurtling toward new records
Tagged under: Oceans | Tipping Points | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Ocean Acidification
Donziger Found Guilty on Contempt Charges Related to Chevron-Ecuador Case - Drilled News
2021-07-26 by in Drilled NewsA federal judge has found attorney Steven Donziger guilty on six counts of criminal contempt related to an $18 billion dollar judgement he helped Ecuadorians win from Chevron over the dumping of toxic waste in the Amazon.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Chevron
Amazon rainforest ‘will collapse if Bolsonaro remains president’
2021-07-14 in The GuardianBrazilian academics and activists issue warning amid fresh assault on environmental protections
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Amazon Rainforest | Activism | Rainforests | Brazil | Collapse
Amazonia as a carbon source linked to deforestation and climate change - Nature
2021-07-14 (or before) in NatureAircraft observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide and monoxide concentrations in Brazil show higher carbon emissions in eastern Amazonia than in the western part, which are linked to increased ecosystem stress and fire occurrence.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Climate Change
Amazon rainforest now emitting more CO2 than it absorbs
2021-07-14 in The GuardianCutting emissions more urgent than ever, say scientists, with forest producing more than a billion tonnes of carbon dioxide a year
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Greenhouse Gases | Trees
Brazil, Besieged by Covid, Now Faces a Severe Drought
2021-06-19 in The New York TimesTagged under: Farming | Bolsonaro | Drought | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Deforestation reduces rainfall and agricultural revenues in the Brazilian Amazon - Nature Communications
2021-06-05 (or before) in NatureDeforestation in the Amazon region has suggested to influence precipitation in a non-linear way. Here, the authors show that forest loss is associated with decreasing precipitation after a scale-dependent threshold is crossed, which can cause stress on agriculture if deforestation is expanded.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Extreme Rainfall | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
Interacting tipping elements increase risk of climate domino effects under global warming
2021-06-04 (or before) in ESD<p><strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> With progressing global warming, there is an increased risk that one or several tipping elements in the climate system might cross a critical threshold, resulting in severe consequences for the global climate, ecosystems and human societies. While the underlying processes are fairly well-understood, it is unclear how their interactions might impact the overall stability of the Earth's climate system. As of yet, this cannot be fully analysed with state-of-the-art Earth system models due to computational constraints as well as some missing and uncer...
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Antarctic | Tipping Points
How Pressuring Corporations Can Save the Amazon from Destruction
2021-05-27 (or before) in Yale E360As the Amazon undergoes another wave of deforestation, a blueprint for halting the runaway exploitation can be found in Southeast Asia, where pressure campaigns on companies and improved government monitoring are finally slowing the devastation caused by the palm oil industry.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest
Amazon biome hurtles toward death spiral as deforestation jumps in 2020 | Article [AMP] | Reuters
2021-05-01 (or before) in mobile-reuters-com.cdn.ampproject.orgTagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest
Billions of extra trees may give us 20 years to tackle climate change
2021-04-18 (or before) by in New ScientistTagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Trees
Why 'Carbon-Cycle Feedbacks' Could Drive Temperatures Even Higher
2021-04-09 (or before) in Yale E360New research indicates that parts of the Amazon and other tropical forests are now emitting more CO2 than they absorb. Some scientists are concerned this development, which is not yet incorporated into climate models, could put the temperature goals set by the Paris Agreement out of reach.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Trees
First study of all Amazon greenhouse gases suggests the damaged forest is now worsening climate change
2021-03-12 (or before) in National GeographicThe first broad look at all of the gases that affect how the Amazon works—not just CO2—reveals a system on the brink.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Greenhouse Gases | Climate Change | Trees
$10 Billion Bezos Earth Fund’s New CEO Expected to Provide Strategy and Transparency
2021-03-10 in Chronicle of PhilanthropyAndrew Steer, who leads the environmental think tank World Resources Institute, says the Bezos fund plans to give all its money away in a decade.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change
Amazon rainforest plots sold via Facebook Marketplace ads - BBC News
2021-02-26 (or before) in The BBCProtected land reserved for Brazil's indigenous communities is being traded on the social network.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
How Biden could use foreign and trade policy to protect the Amazon
2021-02-19 (or before) by in News Thomson Reuters Foundation NewsTo tackle rising deforestation in the Amazon, experts urge U.S. climate diplomacy to focus on trade policies, economic incentives and new coalitions
Tagged under: Deforestation | Joe Biden | Amazon Rainforest | Coal
European public roundly rejects Brazil trade deal unless Amazon protected
2021-02-16 in MongabayAn average 75% of respondents in 12 European nations say the gigantic EU-Mercosur trade pact should not be ratified if Jair Bolsonaro’s Brazil doesn’t end Amazon deforestation; EU governments are listening.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Walmart selling beef from firm linked to Amazon deforestation
2021-02-13 in The GuardianExclusive: US chains Walmart, Costco and Kroger selling Brazilian beef produced by JBS linked to destruction of Brazilian rainforest
Tagged under: Deforestation | Farming | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Trees
A wet Amazon may be more resilient to a drying climate than thought: Study
2021-02-03 in MongabayIn some of the wettest parts of the Amazon rainforest, dry air may increase plant photosynthesis rates — a response that contradicts the assumptions of many climate models, according to a recent study published in Science Advances. When conditions are dry, plants attempt to retain water by closing the tiny pores on their leaves called […]
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Rainforests
Rainforest at Biosphere 2 Offers Glimpse into Future of the Amazon
2020-10-12 in University of Arizona NewsTropical forests may be more resilient to climate change than previously thought, according to a new study. The results could help make climate prediction models more accurate.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Predictions | Climate Change | Trees
This is my message to the western world – your civilisation is killing life on Earth | Nemonte Nenquimo
2020-10-12 in The GuardianWe Indigenous people are fighting to save the Amazon, but the whole planet is in trouble because you do not respect it, says Indigenous campaigner Nemonte Nenquimo
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
'Total destruction': why fires are tearing across South America
2020-10-09 in The GuardianWildfires, mostly caused by land clearing for cattle grazing and soya production, have set four nations ablaze
Tagged under: Argentina | Deforestation | Wildfires | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Forest Fires | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Trees
Amazon near tipping point of switching from rainforest to savannah – study
2020-10-05 in The GuardianClimate crisis and logging is leading to shift from canopy rainforest to open grassland
Tagged under: Tipping Points | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
Brazil's Amazon rainforest suffers worst fires in a decade
2020-10-01 in The GuardianSatellites record 61% rise in hotspots over September 2019 as scientist warns: ‘It could get worse if the drought continues’
Tagged under: Wildfires | Drought | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
A New Justice Movement Emerges to Defend Steven Donziger
2020-09-10 in The NationThe lawyer who helped win a historic Amazon cleanup deal faces six months in prison, but will still not have a jury trial.
Tagged under: Activism | Amazon Rainforest
Amazon fires: Are they worse this year than before? - BBC News
2020-08-29 (or before) in The BBCBlazes are continuing to rage in the Amazon rainforest, despite the Brazilian president's fire ban.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Tesco urged to ditch meat company over alleged links to Amazon deforestation
2020-08-05 in The GuardianResponding to Greenpeace campaign to cut links to Brazilian meat giant JBS, supermarket calls on government to ensure all UK food is deforestation-free
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Greenpeace | Activism
Revealed: new evidence links Brazil meat giant JBS to Amazon deforestation
2020-07-27 in The GuardianPhotographs by employee appear to show company trucks being used to transport cattle from allegedly prohibited cattle farm
Tagged under: Deforestation | Farming | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Trees
Fridays for Future - SOS Amazon
2020-06-06 (or before) in Fridays for Future - SOS AmazoniaFighting COVID-19 in the state of Amazonas
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Amazon under threat: Fires, loggers and now virus - BBC News
2020-05-29 (or before) in The BBCHow the loss of the Amazon goes beyond deforestation - and what the nine countries that share this natural resource are doing to protect it.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest
Brazil's Amazon: Surge in deforestation as military prepares to deploy - BBC News
2020-05-10 (or before) in BBCThe military is preparing to deploy to the region to try to stop illegal logging and mining.
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
'Promiscuous treatment of nature' will lead to more pandemics – scientists
2020-05-07 in The GuardianHabitat destruction forces wildlife into human environments, where new diseases flourish
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Wildlife | Greenpeace | Trees
Brazil using coronavirus to cover up assaults on Amazon, warn activists
2020-05-06 in The GuardianFears Jair Bolsonaro’s ‘land grabbers decree’ may be pushed forwards after new rule allows land-grabbing on indigenous reserves
Tagged under: Deforestation | Activism | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Brazil to weaken environmental safeguards amid increase in deforestation
2020-04-29 in Greenpeace UK - UnearthedBrazil: Critics accuse Bolsonaro of using COVID-19 as cover to rush through amnesty for destruction and occupation of forest
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Greenpeace | Trees
Nobel laureates condemn 'judicial harassment' of environmental lawyer
2020-04-18 in The GuardianChevron’s treatment of Steven Donziger branded ‘an exceptionally bad case of intimidation’
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Chevron
Tropical forests losing their ability to absorb carbon, study finds
2020-03-04 in The GuardianAmazon could turn into source of CO2 in atmosphere by next decade, research suggests
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Sandy coastlines under threat of erosion
2020-03-02 (or before) in NatureSandy beaches occupy more than one-third of the global coastline1 and have high socioeconomic value related to recreation, tourism and ecosystem services2. Beaches are the interface between land and ocean, providing coastal protection from marine storms and cyclones3. However the presence of sandy beaches cannot be taken for granted, as they are under constant change, driven by meteorological4,5, geological6 and anthropogenic factors1,7. A substantial proportion of the world’s sandy coastline is already eroding1,7, a situation that could be exacerbated by climate change8,9. Here, we show that ambient trends in shoreline dy...
Tagged under: Oceans | Amazon Rainforest | Climate Change | Sea Level
Peruvian indigenous group wins suit to block oil exploration in Amazonian region | Reuters
2020-01-24 (or before) in ReutersA Peruvian judge ruled that the government exclude an indigenous region of the Amazon near the border with Brazil from any oil exploration and exploitation, a legal group said on Wednesday, in a win for native communities that have long fought against oil and mining projects...
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Wildlife
The environment in 2050: flooded cities, forced migration – and the Amazon turning to savannah
2019-12-30 in The GuardianUnless we focus on shared solutions, violent storms and devastating blazes could be the least of the world’s troubles. Civilisation itself will be at risk
Tagged under: Deforestation | Extreme Weather | Wildfires | Drought | Amazon Rainforest | IPCC | Climate Change | Geoengineering
The Amazon Reef Is Alive, Growing, and Under Threat—Again | Hakai Magazine
2019-12-06 (or before) by in Hakai MagazineA few years ago, scientists weren’t even sure the reef existed.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Brazil’s president claims DiCaprio paid for Amazon fires
2019-11-29 in The GuardianJair Bolsonaro falsely accuses actor of funding deliberate destruction of rainforest
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Forest Fires | Trees
Earth may have already hit climate change 'tipping point' leading to catastrophic domino effect that threatens civilisation's existence | The Independent | The Independent
2019-11-28 in The IndependentScientists call for ‘urgent emergency response’ to tackle global greenhouse gas emissions
Tagged under: Deforestation | Amazon Rainforest | Trees | Tipping Points
Climate emergency: world 'may have crossed tipping points’
2019-11-27 in The GuardianWarning of ‘existential threat to civilisation’ as impacts lead to cascade of unstoppable events
Tagged under: Deforestation | Tipping Points | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Police raid office of Brazil NGO linked to brigade that helped battle Amazon fires
2019-11-26 in The GuardianRaid and arrests were a politically-motivated attack on dedicated firefighters and a respected NGO, indigenous associations and campaigners say
Tagged under: Deforestation | Wildfires | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Meat: A Threat to Our Planet? review – guaranteed to put you off your chicken nuggets
2019-11-25 in The GuardianLiz Bonnin’s investigation of the environmental mayhem caused by mass carnivory was meaty, disquieting viewing
Tagged under: Deforestation | Farming | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Texas | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Trees
Jeremy Clarkson finally recognises climate crisis during Asia trip
2019-11-24 in The GuardianGrand Tour host says impact of global heating on lake bed in Cambodia was ‘genuinely alarming’
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest
Amazon rainforest 'close to irreversible tipping point'
2019-10-23 in The GuardianForecast suggests rainforest could stop producing enough rain to sustain itself by 2021
Tagged under: Deforestation | Tipping Points | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
If Carbon Offsets Require Forests to Stay Standing, What Happens When the Amazon Is on Fire?
2019-10-22 (or before) by in Pro PublicaThe emergency threatening part of the world’s largest rainforest is proof that offsets are too risky to count on to cancel out corporate pollution, and that the Amazon needs help without strings attached.
Tagged under: Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Trees
Greta Thunberg: ‘We are ignoring natural climate solutions’
2019-09-19 in The GuardianFilm by Swedish activist and Guardian journalist George Monbiot says nature must be used to repair broken climate
Tagged under: Deforestation | Greta Thunberg | Activism | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Greenhouse Gases | Fossil Fuels | Trees
Brazil worker who protected indigenous tribes killed in Amazon - BBC News
2019-09-11 (or before) in BBCReports say an official who protected land from farmers and loggers was shot twice in the head.
Tagged under: Farming | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Amazon fires 'extraordinarily concerning', warns UN biodiversity chief
2019-08-30 in The GuardianBiodiversity chief calls for countries to unite to halt rapid degradation of nature
Tagged under: Deforestation | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Forest Fires | Trees
Jair Bolsonaro claims NGOs behind Amazon forest fire surge – but provides no evidence
2019-08-21 in The GuardianBrazilian president claims green groups behind blazes, which have increased 84% over same period last year
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
Amazon deforestation accelerating towards unrecoverable 'tipping point'
2019-07-25 in The GuardianData confirms fears that Jair Bolsonaro’s policy encourages illegal logging in Brazil
Tagged under: Deforestation | Tipping Points | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Brazil: huge rise in Amazon destruction under Bolsonaro, figures show
2019-07-03 in The GuardianPreliminary data reveals 88.4% deforestation increase compared with a year ago as critics say rightwing president has emboldened loggers and ranchers
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Trees
Revealed: rampant deforestation of Amazon driven by global greed for meat
2019-07-02 in The GuardianInvestigation exposes how Brazil’s huge beef sector continues to threaten health of world’s largest rainforest
Tagged under: Deforestation | Farming | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Cattle and Dairy Farming | Health | Trees
'Exterminator of the future': Brazil's Bolsonaro denounced for environmental assault
2019-05-09 in The GuardianActivist and politician Marina Silva warns Brazil’s rainforest protections being destroyed but vows ‘we can’t let that happen’
Tagged under: Activism | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil
Brazil reveals highest deforestation figures in a decade as activists warn Bolsonaro will make issue worse | The Independent | The Independent
2019-01-01 (or before) in The IndependentIllegal logging and agriculture creeping into jungle land blamed for devastating rise
Tagged under: Deforestation | Bolsonaro | Rainforests | Amazon Rainforest | Brazil | Activism
Colombian Supreme Court Recognizes Rights of the Amazon River Ecosystem
2018-04-20 in IUCN - International Union for Conservation of NatureThe Supreme Court of Colombia (Corte Suprema de Justicia, Sala de Casación Civil) has issued a decision recognizing the Amazon River ecosystem as a subject of rights and beneficiary of protection.
Tagged under: Amazon Rainforest | Rivers
What is the safe upper limit for atmospheric CO2?
2008-01-01 in Grist.org: Climate. Justice. Solutions.The nation's top climate scientist, NASA's James Hansen, apparently now believes "the safe upper limit for atmospheric CO2 is no more than 350 ppm," according to an op-ed by the great environmental writer Bill McKibben. Yet while preindustrial levels were 280, we're now already at more than 380 and rising 2 ppm a year! Like many people, in the 1990s I believed 550 was the target needed to avoid climate catastrophe -- but now it's clear that: 550 ppm would lead to the greatest disaster ever experienced by human civilization -- returning us to temperatures last seen when sea levels were some 80 feet higher. This is especially tr...
Tagged under: Oceans | Amazon Rainforest | Sea Level
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